Novodob\u00e9 okouzlen\u00ed \u010dajov\u00fdmi ob\u0159ady \u2013 poctou orient\u00e1ln\u00ed exotice \u2013 se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v mnoha zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch etnografick\u00fdch d\u00edlech, kter\u00e9 popisuj\u00ed historii \u010daje, technologii jeho va\u0159en\u00ed, chu\u0165ov\u00e9 vlastnosti odr\u016fd, postup p\u0159i pit\u00ed \u010daje orient\u00e1ln\u00edm zp\u016fsobem na rozd\u00edl od anglick\u00fdch a rusk\u00fdch tradic. Podle ironick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky japonsk\u00e9ho spisovatele jde o \u201ebou\u0159i v \u0161\u00e1lku\u201c se v\u0161\u00edm klidem \u010dajov\u00e9 sv\u00e1tosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit, jak jsou v \u010dajov\u00e9m ob\u0159adu zt\u011blesn\u011bny filozofick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady mentality, etick\u00e9 a estetick\u00e9 priority ur\u010dit\u00fdch kultur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakony poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ze starov\u011bku, k nim\u017e lze p\u0159i\u0159adit \u010dajov\u00fd ob\u0159ad, maj\u00ed specifickou s\u00e9mantiku napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bton\u00e1zoru, ve kter\u00e9m maj\u00ed v\u00fdznam nal\u00e9zt ur\u010dit\u00fd druh identifikace: \u201eTento historick\u00fd s\u00e9mantick\u00fd k\u00f3d pro p\u0159\u00edrodu a \u017eivot (\u2026) se uk\u00e1zal jako kulturn\u00ed hodnota, v\u00fdsledek \u201ev\u00fdroby my\u0161lenek\u201c, \u201eDuchovn\u00ed invent\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edval novou ideologii a novou kulturu\u201c. Ob\u0159ady byly toto\u017en\u00e9 s ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00edm star\u00fdch lid\u00ed. A pak se staly metaforou reality. Takov\u00e9 \u201eduplik\u00e1ty\u201c, zejm\u00e9na nem\u011bnn\u00e1 podoba \u010dajov\u00e9ho ob\u0159adu, se staly emocion\u00e1ln\u011b s\u00e9mantick\u00fdmi k\u00f3dy p\u0159\u00edstupu ke sv\u011btu a ve v\u00fdsledku se staly realitou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho druhu, odrazem dokonal\u00e9 a promy\u0161len\u00e9 akce. Tato forma, zachycuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00f3dovan\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro intersubjektivn\u00ed komunikaci jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s filozofick\u00fdm smyslem ob\u0159adu (v\u00fdznam byt\u00ed \/\/ znak \/ hodnotov\u00fd znak reality). A z\u00e1rove\u0148 pochopen\u00ed v\u00fdznamu ritu\u00e1lu je podm\u00ednkou mezikulturn\u00ed komunikace, proto\u017ee \u010daj je jedn\u00edm z nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1poj\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edprava l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho lektvaru z list\u016f \u010dajovn\u00edku je v \u010c\u00edn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 ji\u017e od starov\u011bku a je zmi\u0148ov\u00e1na v souvislosti se jm\u00e9nem \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho myslitele Lao Tzu (tj. 5-6 p\u0159. n. l.), kter\u00fd byl v Nebesk\u00e9m \u010daji pln\u011b uzn\u00e1n a \u201elegalizov\u00e1n\u201c. v 8. stolet\u00ed b\u011bhem \u00e9ry Tang, kdy \u201eapo\u0161tol \u010daje\u201c Lu Yu napsal t\u0159\u00edsvazkov\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Svat\u00e1 kniha \u010daje (jin\u00fd p\u0159eklad je \u201ek\u00e1non \u010daje\u201c). Ji\u017e tehdy byl \u010dajov\u00fd ob\u0159ad ch\u00e1p\u00e1n nejen jako \u010dajov\u00fd d\u00fdch\u00e1nek, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b jako \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd nad tajemstv\u00edm porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u017eivotu a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o ducha pochopen\u00edm znamenit\u00e9 chuti \u010daje. \u010cajov\u00fd list z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdznam skute\u010dn\u011b \u201efilosofick\u00e9ho listu\u201c (parafr\u00e1ze na \u201ek\u00e1men mudrc\u016f\u201c). Jak\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed (\u6559) si o tom m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst na tomto pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9m listu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Za prv\u00e9, principy p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed filozofie star\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 technologie pro p\u0159\u00edpravu a pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010daje. Podle kosmogonick\u00fdch m\u00fdt\u016f se p\u016fvodn\u00ed jedin\u00e1 substance \u201eqi\u201c d\u011blila na dva principy: \u201ejang\u201c (sv\u011btl\u00fd, aktivn\u00ed, tvo\u0159iv\u00fd, mu\u017esk\u00fd, nebesk\u00fd) a \u201ejin\u201c (temn\u00fd, pasivn\u00ed, receptivn\u00ed, \u017eensk\u00fd, pozemsk\u00fd) \u2013 udr\u017euj\u00ed harmonickou rovnov\u00e1hu ve sv\u011bt\u011b. S\u00edly Jin a Jang, \u201e+\u201c a \u201e-\u201c, se neust\u00e1le navz\u00e1jem nahrazuj\u00ed, jsou na sob\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e9 a dopl\u0148uj\u00ed se. Symbolick\u00fd v\u00fdznam tohoto \u201eritu\u00e1lu\u201c je vyj\u00e1d\u0159en ot\u00e1\u010den\u00edm \u0161\u00e1lk\u016f a konzumac\u00ed energi\u00ed Jin a Jang pomoc\u00ed tchajwansk\u00e9 metody pit\u00ed \u010daje (\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd \u010dajov\u00fd ob\u0159ad?).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed filozofii (zaznamenan\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad v syst\u00e9mu Feng Shui) byl definov\u00e1n \u201ep\u011bti prvky\u201c (jako pojmy, ozna\u010den\u00ed, nikoli p\u0159edm\u011bty), jak je uvedeno v knize Shu Jin: \u201ePrvn\u00edm po\u010d\u00e1tkem je voda, druh\u00fdm je ohe\u0148, t\u0159et\u00edm je d\u0159evo, \u010dtvrt\u00fdm je kov a p\u00e1t\u00fdm je zem\u011b. Tyto prvky maj\u00ed vlastnosti st\u00e9kat dol\u016f, stoupat, oh\u00fdbat, m\u011bnit a p\u0159ij\u00edmat set\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed plodinu. V \u010dajov\u00e9m ritu\u00e1lu se stavy postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed, jsou v n\u011bm p\u0159\u00edtomny p\u0159edm\u011bty p\u011bti princip\u016f. Voda na \u010daj se speci\u00e1ln\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1, obvykle z de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch nebo horsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, pot\u00e9 se oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 na ohni extrahovan\u00e9m z d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed (teplo stoup\u00e1), v kovov\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch a pot\u00e9 se nal\u00e9v\u00e1 (scezuje) do speci\u00e1ln\u00ed keramick\u00e9 konvi\u010dky (hl\u00edna, zemina), kde jsou um\u00edst\u011bny listy \u010dajov\u00e9ho ke\u0159e (rostliny, stromu). \u010caj je interakc\u00ed ohn\u011b, vody, \u010dajov\u00fdch l\u00edstk\u016f, prostor\u016f a stav\u016f. V\u0161echny tyto slo\u017eky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vyv\u00e1\u017eeny klidnou vyrovnanost\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed toho, kdo \u010daj p\u0159ipravuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010cajov\u00fd ob\u0159ad poskytuje p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost \u201etady a te\u010f\u201c p\u0159ij\u00edt do kontaktu s \u017eivouc\u00ed realitou a moudrost\u00ed starov\u011bku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Modern\u00ed fascinace \u010dajov\u00fdmi ob\u0159ady \u2013 poctou orient\u00e1ln\u00ed exotice \u2013 se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v mnoha zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch etnografick\u00fdch d\u00edlech, kter\u00e9 popisuj\u00ed\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11926,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_tbt_post_transparent":"","_tbt_post_title":"","_tbt_post_layout":"","_tbt_post_sidebar_id":"","_tbt_post_content_style":"","_tbt_post_vertical_padding":"","_tbt_post_feature":"","_tbt_post_feature_position":"","_tbt_post_header":false,"_tbt_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[211,169],"class_list":["post-11924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-tea-history","tag-tea-legends"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t